Phytophthora megakarya
Phytophthora megakarya is an oomycete plant pathogen that causes black pod disease in cocoa trees in west and central Africa. This pathogen can cause detrimental loss of yield in the economically important cocoa industry, worth approximately $70 billion annually. It can damage any part of the tree, causing total yield losses which can easily reach 20-25%. A mixture of chemical and cultural ...Nana WL, Eke P, Fokom R, Bakanrga-Via I, Begoude D, Tchana T et al (2015) Antimicrobial activity of syzygium aromaticum and zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides essential oils against phytophthora megakarya. J Phytopathol 163:632–641. Article CAS Google ScholarBUSUK BUAH KAKAO (Phytophthora megakarya L.) Spraying Of Chitosan to Control Fruit Rot Disease of Cocoa (Phytophthora megakarya L.) Septiana 1) *, Suskandini Ratih Dirmawati 2), Rusdi Eviz al 3)
Did you know?
In other studies, orthologues of NEP1 gene were cloned and characterized in Phytophthora megakarya; indicating that it is a fungal agent for black pod disease in Theobroma cacao (cacao). After observing the necrotic lesions in cacao leaves sprayed with NEP1 (Bae et al. , 2005) for 10 days, the constitutive expression of this protein was noted.Phytophthora là một chi Oomycetes gây hại cho cây, các loài trong chi này có thể gây hại kinh tế lớn đối với các vụ mùa trên toàn thế giới cũng như gây tổn môi trường hệ sinh thái tự nhiên. Thành tế bào của Phytophthora được cấu tạo bởi cellulose. Chi này được Heinrich Anton ...In order to protect cacao against Phytophthora megakarya , the most aggressive pathogen of this plant in Cameroon, a study was carried out on hybrid genotypes of the family F79SA of cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.) to investigate the effect of inoculation of the biofertilizers Gigaspora margarita and Acaulospora tuberculata on the phenolic compound content in hybrid genotypes after leaf infection ...Phytophthora parasitica is a soilborne pathogen with a wide range of host plants and represents most species in the genus Phytophthora. In this review, we present some recent progress of P. parasitica research by highlighting important features that make it emerge as a model species of oomycete pathogens. The emerged model pathogen will ...Microsatellite markers for population studies of Phytophthora megakarya (Pythiaceae), a cacao pathogen in AfricaIntroduction. Phytophthora megakarya is the most aggressive fungal pathogen on Theobroma cacao L. and poses a major threat to cocoa production in West and Central Africa. It was originally identified in Nigeria in 1979 (Brasier et al., 1981), reported in Togo in 1982 (Djiekpor et al., 1982), and was subsequently reported in Ghana in 1985 (Dakwa, 1987).The role of tcGASA genes in conferring fungal resistance was also explored based on RNAseq data against Phytophthora megakarya . The differential expression of tcGASA genes was recorded between the tolerant and susceptible cultivars of cacao plants, which were inoculated with the fungus for 24h and 72h. This differential expression …Mar 1, 2017 · Phytophthora megakarya (Pmeg) and Phytophthora palmivora (Ppal) are closely related species causing cacao black pod rot. Although Ppal is a cosmopolitan pathogen, cacao is the only known host of economic importance for Pmeg. Pmeg is more virulent on cacao than Ppal.in planta transcriptome Mar 1, 2017 · Phytophthora megakarya (Pmeg) and Phytophthora palmivora (Ppal) are closely related species causing cacao black pod rot. Although Ppal is a cosmopolitan pathogen, cacao is the only known host of economic importance for Pmeg. Pmeg is more virulent on cacao than Ppal. Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is a major foreign revenue earner for Ghana.Black pod disease caused by P. palmivora and P. megakarya, causes economic yield loss in cocoa production in Ghana (Adomako 2007; Opoku et al. 2000).In 2012 alone, it is estimated that Ghana lost revenue of about US$ 3.9 million (25% of annual crop) to …Phytophthora megakarya in nurseries. The results showed that heat-treated oyster shells powder at 1% (w/w) soil amendment significantly increased plant height, leaf number, leaf area, dry shoot and root weight more than chemical fungicide and control treatment after twelve weeks of growth. ThePhytophthora megakarya only occurs in countries in West and Central Africa [3], yet since West and Central Africa produce around 70% of all cocoa beans worldwide, its economic impact is considerable. In Cameroon, cocoa black pod rot is only due to P. megakarya and losses can reach up to 80-90% when plantations are poorly managed [4, 5].2020年12月31日 ... Background: Phytophthora megakarya is an invasive pathogen endemic to Central and West Africa. This species causes the most devastating form ...On the other end, several genome assemblies had high repeat content, namely, P. megakarya, Phytophthora hibernalis, and Phytophthora pinifolia contained 32.94, 32.46, and 33.00%, respectively. Fig. 1. Analysis of 31 Phytophthora species shows an abundance of repetitive elements. Species are shown in phylogenetic clade order; clade designations ...2022年12月2日 ... Phytophthora megakarya, a Causal Agent of. Black Pod Rot in Africa. In: Bailey, B., Meinhardt, L. (eds) Cacao Diseases. Springer, Cham. • ...caused by Phytophthora megakarya and. Phytophthora palmivora on cocoa, Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 110 (2004) 983–990. [22] Jackson G.V.H., Sources of Phytophthora. palmivora inoculum in Solomon ...Black pod disease of cocoa in West Africa, caused almost exclusively by P. megakarya, still remains one of the most serious constraints on cocoa production. Surveys during the 1978 and 1979 harvest season in Togo revealed losses of up to 80%, when no control measures were taken (Djiekpor et al., 1981). Erwin and Ribeiro (1996) estimated a 20-30 ...The impact of soil treatments on black pod rot (caused by Phytophthora megakarya) of cacao in CameroonPhytophthora megakarya was more aggressive than P. palmivora on attached SCA-6 pods, causing expanding necrotic lesions with or without wounding. Phytophthora megakarya is predominant in the Volta region of Ghana and it remains to be seen whether it can displace P. palmivora from cacao plantations of Ghana as it has in Nigeria and Cameroon.
Phytophthora species produce a protein that has a similar sequence to the NEP1 of Fusarium oxysporium. Multiple copies of NEP1 orthologues have been identified in a P. megakarya strain and in four other Phytophthora species (P. citrophthora, P. capsici, P. palmivora and P. sojae) (Bae et al., 2005). Oct 1, 2015 · Phytophthora megakarya infection. In order to analyse gene expression in response to P. megakarya inoculations of resistant and susceptible cocoa clones, a time course was conducted from 2 to 96 hpi. To verify the success of infection in plant tissues, half-leaves were conserved in a room culture for 6 days and fungal progression on the cocoa ... In Cameroon, Phytophthora megakarya is the causal agent of black pod rot of cacao (Theobroma cacao L). Primary inoculum of P. megakarya is located in the soil. With the onset of the rainy season, this primary inoculum is activated and through rain splash cacao pods become infected.Phytophthora megakarya (Pmeg) and Phytophthora palmivora (Ppal) are closely related species causing cacao black pod rot. Although Ppal is a cosmopolitan pathogen, cacao is the only known host of ...Download Table | Phytophthora megakarya growth inhibition by Syzygium arom- aticum and Zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides essential oils at various con- centrations from publication: Antimicrobial ...
1.. IntroductionSeveral Phytophthora species, including P. megakarya Brasier and Griffin, P. palmivora (Butl.) Butler, P. citrophthora (R.H. Sm. and E. Sm.) Leonian, and P. capsici Leonian, attack the tropical tree Theobroma cacao L. (cacao) causing black pod disease. Symptoms include seedling blights, stem cankers, and pod …In African cacao-producing countries, control of cacao black pod disease caused by Phytophthora megakarya is a priority. Introducing biological control agents as part of a P. megakarya control strategy is highly desirable, especially in a perspective of pesticide reduction.Trichoderma species are among the most used biological control agents. In Cameroon, Trichoderma asperellum formulated in ...The virulence of P. megakarya was associated with earlier production of sporangia and an accelerated induction of necrosis, and it remains to be seen whether it can displace P. palmivora from cacao plantations of Ghana as it has in Nigeria and Cameroon. Among the Phytophthora species that cause black pod of cacao, P. megakarya is the most virulent, posing a serious threat to cacao production ...…
Reader Q&A - also see RECOMMENDED ARTICLES & FAQs. Black pod disease is caused by several speci. Possible cause: Black pod is an important fungal disease of Theobroma cacao L. which causes.
Phytophthora megakarya and Phytophthora palmivora, closely related causal agents of cacao black pod rot, underwent increases in genome sizes and gene numbers by different mechanisms. Genome Biol Evol. 9(3): 536 – 557. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evx021 , [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar] Anderson RG, Deb D, Fedkenheuer K, McDowell JM. 2015.On the other end, several genome assemblies had high repeat content, namely, P. megakarya, Phytophthora hibernalis, and Phytophthora pinifolia contained 32.94, 32.46, and 33.00%, …
Spatial and temporal analysis of a Phytophthora megakarya epidemic in a plantation in the centre region of CameroonCropProtection21(2002)629-634 Shadetreesarealternativehostsofthecocoapathogen Phytophthora megakarya I.Y.Opoku*,A.Y.Akrofi,A.A.Appiah Cocoa Research Institute of ...Although several Phytophthora species can infect cacao plants, only a few are considered important because of the extensive damage that they cause. In cacao plants, black pod is caused by four species of the genus Phytophthora: P. palmivora, P. megakarya, P. citrophthora and P. capsici/P. tropicalis .
1.. IntroductionBlack pod disease is a major constraint 1.. IntroductionSeveral Phytophthora species, including P. megakarya Brasier and Griffin, P. palmivora (Butl.) Butler, P. citrophthora (R.H. Sm. and E. Sm.) Leonian, and P. capsici Leonian, attack the tropical tree Theobroma cacao L. (cacao) causing black pod disease. Symptoms include seedling blights, stem cankers, and pod …INTRODUCTION Phytophthora megakarya, causing cacao black pod disease in West and Central Africa is the most virulent of the Phytophthora species reported on cacao (Theobroma cacao) (Cilas and Despereaux, 2004, Ali et al., 2016). In Cameroon, P. megakarya is a major production constraint and losses can easily reach 80-90% when no control measures are taken (Nyassé, 1997, Ndoumbè Nkeng, 2002). Hence, the analysis of susceptibility to P. megakaryaA severe black pod disease of cocoa in Ghana caused by Phy P. megakarya is heterothallic with amphigynous antheridia and distinctly pyriform oogonia. The caducous sporangia are papillate, varying in shape from limoniform, obpyriform, and ellipsoid. Terminal chlamydospores have an average diameter of 30 µm. P. megakarya chlamydospore (left) and oogonium (right) View more images... Genetics: Studying spatial and temporal plant disease dynamics helps us Phytophthora megakarya is a plant pathogen that causes black pod disease in cocoa trees in West and Central Africa. This pathogen can cause detrimental loss of yield in the economically important cocoa industry. It can damage any part of the tree, causing a wide range in the reduction of yield. A mi Phytophthora megakarya Taxonomy ID: 4795 (for PDF | On Jan 1, 2019, Tene Tayo Paul Martial and othersBackground. Phytophthora (Mont.) de Bary is a large Phytophthora pod rot disease commonly known as the Black pod disease caused by Phytophthora palmivora and P. megakarya is the most destructive cocoa disease worldwide accounting for over 30% pod yield loss through pod rot and 10% tree death .Phytophthora megakarya (Pmeg) occurs only in the countries of West and Central Africa and represents a relatively new disease. Pmeg is the most virulent species causing black pod rot; it can cause 60-100% crop losses if not managed (Opoku et al. 2000). Au Cameroun, l'espèce Phytophthora megakarya e Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Diversity of Phytophthora megakarya in C[Black pod rot, caused by Phytophthora palmivora, is a devastating disIn Cameroon, Phytophthora megakarya is the causal agent of black pod r Phytophthora megakarya 是一種卵菌植物病原體，可在西非和中非的可可樹上引起黑莢病。這種病原體可導致每年價值約 700 億美元的經濟重要的可可產業的有害產量損失。它可以損壞樹的任何部分並導致總產量損失，很容易達到 20-25%。